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Sunday, December 5, 2010

Could X particle solve two puzzles?

Cosmic Log - Could X particle solve two puzzles?: "Alan Boyle writes:Can one particle explain both dark matter and the mysterious origins of matter and antimatter? Some physicists think so. They're calling the as-yet-only-theoretical object the 'X particle.'

Physicists from Canada's TRIUMF particle-physics facility, the University of British Columbia and Brookhaven National Laboratory laid out their ideas on the X particle in a paper published last month by Physical Review Letters -- and since then, the ideas have been picked up by PhysicsWorld magazine as well as Discovery News. (You can read a full draft of the paper on the arxiv.org website.)

The concept addresses two of the deep mysteries in modern physics:

Dark matter: Observations of distant galaxies and galaxy clusters suggest that the matter we can see accounts for about a fifth of their gravitational mass. The other four-fifths is thought to exist in the form of exotic matter than can be detected only by its gravitational effect. So what is that stuff?

Matter vs. antimatter: Theory dictates that equal amounts of matter and antimatter must have existed at the beginning of the universe -- and yet, we see lots of matter and virtually no antimatter in the universe today. What happened to the antimatter, and why did matter win out?"


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